Are you or a loved one over the age of 65? If so, you might be surprised to learn that some of the most commonly prescribed medications could be doing more harm than good. As someone who has seen the effects of these drugs firsthand, I want to shed light on which medications most frequently cause problems—and what you should watch out for.
This isn’t about being anti-medication. It’s about being informed and empowered to make the best choices for your health (based on the insights of Dr. Suneel Dhand).
Key points:
- Certain medications are linked to serious side effects and complications in older adults.
- Always consult your doctor before making any changes to your medication regimen.
- Being informed helps you advocate for your own health, and safer alternatives may be available.
1. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ): The Common Blood Pressure Diuretic
If you’ve been prescribed hydrochlorothiazide—or its UK equivalent, bendrofluazide—for blood pressure, take note. This diuretic is known to cause dehydration and low potassium (hypokalemia). Many patients end up hospitalized due to dangerously low potassium levels, often triggered by even a mild illness.
While supplements or dietary adjustments are sometimes recommended, other blood pressure medications may carry fewer risks for those over 65.
What to do:
If you experience fatigue, muscle cramps, or confusion, inform your doctor. Don’t stop the medication on your own, but ask whether a safer alternative might be appropriate.
2. Gabapentin (Neurontin): For Nerve Pain, But at What Cost?
Gabapentin is commonly prescribed for nerve pain, but in older adults, its side effects can be significant. Drowsiness is a major concern. Many patients on higher doses become excessively sedated, sometimes to the point of being barely awake.
This over-sedation can lead to falls, cognitive issues, and hospitalizations.
What to do:
Watch for excessive sleepiness or confusion. Speak with your doctor about adjusting the dose or exploring alternative pain management strategies.
3. High-Dose NSAIDs: The Silent Threat to Stomach and Kidneys
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenac are widely used for pain and inflammation. However, long-term or high-dose use can cause stomach ulcers, gastrointestinal bleeding, and kidney damage—especially in older adults.
Many seniors are hospitalized due to complications from prolonged NSAID use.
What to do:
Use the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible time. Ask your doctor about safer alternatives, including non-drug approaches like physical therapy.
4. Flexeril (Cyclobenzaprine): A Muscle Relaxant That Increases Fall Risk
While muscle relaxants like cyclobenzaprine can help with spasms, they often cause significant drowsiness in older adults. This increases the risk of falls and injuries.
In some cases, muscle spasms may be linked to underlying issues like magnesium deficiency.
What to do:
If you notice grogginess or balance problems, consult your doctor. Alternatives or addressing root causes may be safer and more effective.
5. Benadryl (Diphenhydramine): A Sedating Antihistamine to Avoid
Benadryl is commonly used for allergies and itching, but it can cause significant drowsiness, confusion, and fall risk in seniors.
Non-sedating antihistamines are often just as effective without these risks.
What to do:
Ask your doctor or pharmacist about safer, non-sedating options. Monitor for any changes in alertness or coordination if you do use it.
Why Are Older Adults at Higher Risk?
As we age, the body processes medications differently. The liver and kidneys may not function as efficiently, and many older adults take multiple medications (polypharmacy), increasing the risk of interactions and side effects.
What may be safe at 40 can become risky at 70.
What If You’re Concerned About a Medication?
Never stop or change medications without consulting your doctor. However, don’t hesitate to raise concerns. Ask about safer alternatives or non-drug approaches.
If you notice sudden changes in memory, alertness, or balance after starting a medication, speak up immediately.
